Nukubaga amagufwa muri 2023, hariho ingorane zimwe.Imwe mu mbogamizi nuko inzira nyinshi zamagufwa zitera kandi zisaba igihe kirekire cyo gukira.Ibi birashobora kutorohera abarwayi no gutinda gukira.Byongeye kandi, ingorane nko kwandura cyangwa kuva amaraso zirashobora kubaho.
Ariko, mumyaka 20 iri imbere, kubaga amagufwa biteganijwe ko bizungukira mubuhanga bushya.Igice kimwe kizakomeza gutera imbere ni kubaga robot.Imashini zirashobora gukora neza kandi zifasha kubaga muburyo bukomeye.Ibi birashobora kuganisha kubisubizo byiza nigihe gito cyo gukira.
Iterambere ryitezwe mubuvuzi bushya.Ubuhanga bushya nka stem selile therapy na tissue engineering birashobora gutanga amahirwe yo gusana cyangwa gusimbuza ingirangingo zangiritse.Ibi birashobora kugabanya gukenera gushyirwaho no kunoza abarwayi.
Byongeye kandi, hateganijwe iterambere mu buhanga bwo gufata amashusho.Kwerekana amashusho ya 3D hamwe nukuri kugaragara birashobora gufasha kubaga kwisuzumisha neza no gutegura neza inzira.
Mubyukuri, kubaga amagufwa kwisi yose yatsinze ingorane zitandukanye mumyaka yashize.Tekinoroji yateye imbere yavuzwe haruguru yagize uruhare runini mugutezimbere kubaga amagufwa.Ingero zimwe mubikorwa ni:
1. Kubaga byibuze byibasiye: Binyuze mu gukoresha endoskopi n'ibikoresho bito, kubaga birashobora gukorwa hakoreshejwe uduce duto.Ibi bivamo ububabare buke nyuma yibikorwa, gukira vuba nibibazo bike.
2. Kubaga kugenzurwa na robo: Sisitemu ifashwa na robo ituma uburyo busobanutse kandi butagaragara.Kurugero, zirashobora gukoreshwa muburyo bwo gusimbuza ivi cyangwa ikibuno kugirango tunonosore neza kandi neza.
3. Sisitemu yo kugendana: Sisitemu yo kugendana na mudasobwa ifasha kubaga kugabanya neza no gushyiramo.Kurugero, zirashobora gukoreshwa mububaga umugongo kugirango zongere umutekano nukuri.
Izi tekinoroji zifasha kunoza imikorere yo kubaga amagufwa, kugabanya igihe cyo gukira, no kuzamura abarwayi, ubuzima bwiza.Muri rusange, mumyaka 20 iri imbere, kubaga amagufwa bizungukirwa nubuhanga bushya butuma kubagwa neza, gukira vuba, hamwe nibisubizo byiza.
Iyi ngingo ihitamo imwe mu ndwara zisanzwe zerekana ingaruka ziterwa na tekinoroji mu myaka yashize.
Ivunika hagati ya femur ni ibikomere bikunze kugaragara mubantu bageze mu zabukuru kandi bifitanye isano n'uburwayi bukabije ndetse nimpfu.Uburyo bwo kuvura bwagiye buhinduka uko imyaka yagiye ihita, hamwe niterambere ryubuhanga bwo kubaga no gushushanya biganisha ku musaruro unoze.Muri iki kiganiro, tuzasuzuma uburyo butandukanye bwo kuvura kuvunika hagati y’igitsina gore, dusesengure iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga dukurikije ubwihindurize bw’imyaka, tunaganire ku buryo bugezweho bwo kuvura.
Imyaka ijana irashize, kuvura kuvunika kwa intertrochanteric byari bitandukanye cyane nuburyo bwubu.Muri kiriya gihe, tekiniki zo kubaga ntabwo zari zateye imbere, kandi hari amahitamo make kubikoresho byo gutunganya imbere.
Uburyo butari bwo kubaga: Uburyo bwo kubaga butari bwo kubaga bwakoreshwaga mu kuvunika intertrochanteric.Harimo kuruhuka kuryama, gukwega, hamwe na immobilisation hamwe na pasteri cyangwa uduce.Icyari kigamijwe kwari ukwemerera kuvunika gukira bisanzwe, hamwe no kugenda gake no kwikorera ibiro ku gihimba cyanduye.Nyamara, ubu buryo akenshi bwatumaga umuntu adahagarara igihe kirekire kandi akongera ibyago byo guhura nibibazo nko guta imitsi, kunangira ingingo, hamwe n'ibisebe byumuvuduko.
Uburyo bwo kubaga: Gutabara kubaga kuvunika intertrochanteric were ntibisanzwe kandi mubisanzwe byateganijwe kubibazo bifite kwimurwa gukabije cyangwa kuvunika gukinguye.Ubuhanga bwo kubaga bwakoreshwaga icyo gihe bwari buke kandi akenshi bwarimo kugabanya gufungura no gukosora imbere ukoresheje insinga, imigozi, cyangwa amasahani.Nyamara, ibikoresho nibikoresho byaboneka ntabwo byari byizewe cyangwa bifite akamaro nkibimera bigezweho, biganisha ku gipimo kinini cyo kunanirwa, kwandura, no kudahuza ubumwe.
Muri rusange, kuvura kuvunika kwa intertrochanteric mumyaka ijana ishize ntibyagize ingaruka nziza kandi bifitanye isano ningaruka nyinshi nibibazo ugereranije nibikorwa byubu.Iterambere mu buhanga bwo kubaga, ibikoresho byo gukosora imbere, hamwe na protocole yo gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe byateje imbere cyane umusaruro ku barwayi bafite imvune za intertrochanteric mu myaka yashize.
Gutera imisumari imbere harimo kwinjiza inkoni y'icyuma mu muyoboro wa medullary wa femur kugirango uhagarike kuvunika.Ubu buryo bumaze kwamamara mu myaka yashize bitewe na kamere yabwo yibasiye kandi igipimo cyo hasi ugereranije na ORIF.Imisumari yimbere ifitanye isano nigihe gito cyo kumara ibitaro, ibihe byo gukira byihuse, nigipimo gito cyo kudahuza hamwe no gutsindwa.
Ibyiza byo gutera imisumari intramedullary yo kuvunika intertrochanteric kuvunika kw'igitsina gore:
Igihagararo: Imisumari yimbere itanga ituze ryiza kumagufa yamenetse, bigatuma gukanguka hakiri kare no kwikorera ibiro.Ibi birashobora gutuma umuntu akira vuba kandi bikagabanuka kuguma mubitaro.
Kubungabunga itangwa ryamaraso: Ugereranije nubundi buryo bwo kubaga, imisumari yimbere irinda amaraso kumagufa yamenetse, bikagabanya ibyago byo kwandura imitsi no kudahuza ubumwe.
Kwangirika kworoheje kworoheje: Kubaga birimo gutemagura gato, bikaviramo kwangirika kworoheje.Ibi birashobora gutuma ububabare bugabanuka nyuma yo gukira no gukira vuba.
Ibyago byo kwandura: Tekinike ifunze ikoreshwa mugutera imisumari igabanya ibyago byo kwandura ugereranije no kubagwa kumugaragaro.
Guhuza neza no kugabanya: Imisumari yimbere ituma igenzura neza no guhuza igufwa ryavunitse, biganisha kumikorere myiza.
Hemiarthroplasty ikubiyemo gusimbuza umutwe wigitsina gore hamwe na prostate.Ubu buryo busanzwe bugenewe abarwayi bageze mu zabukuru barwaye osteoporose ikabije cyangwa abafite ibibari bya rubagimpande.Hemiarthroplasty ifitanye isano ningaruka nyinshi ziterwa ningaruka, harimo kwimurwa, kwandura, no kunanirwa kwatewe.
THA ikubiyemo gusimbuza ikibuno cyose hamwe na prostate.Ubu buryo busanzwe bugenewe abarwayi bakiri bato bafite amagufwa meza kandi nta rubagimpande ya hipi yabanje kubaho.THA ifitanye isano nigihe kirekire cyo gukira kandi ibyago byinshi byo guhura nibibazo ugereranije nubundi buryo bwo kuvura.
Kubaga ikibuno cyose mubisanzwe birasabwa kubarwayi barwaye rubagimpande zikomeye, kuvunika ikibuno kidashobora kuvurwa na hemiarthroplasti, cyangwa izindi mpamvu zitera ububabare nubumuga bukomeye.
Hemiarthroplasty ifite ibyiza byo kuba inzira idahwitse kuruta kubaga ikibuno cyose cyo gusimbuza ikibuno, bivuze ko mubisanzwe bikubiyemo kumara igihe gito ibitaro nigihe cyo gukira vuba.Ariko, ntibishobora kuba ingirakamaro mukuvura ubwoko bumwebumwe bwibibuno, kandi harikibazo cyuko igice gisigaye cyikibuno gishobora kwangirika mugihe runaka.
Ku rundi ruhande, kubaga ikibuno cyose cyo gusimbuza ikibuno, ni uburyo bwuzuye bushobora gutanga ubutabazi burambye bwo kubabara ikibuno no kunoza imikorere yibibuno muri rusange.Ariko, nuburyo bukomeye bushobora gusaba igihe kirekire ibitaro no kumara igihe kinini cyo gukira.Hariho kandi ibyago byo guhura nibibazo nko kwandura, gutembera kw'amaraso, no gutandukana kw'ibibuno.
Mu gusoza, kuvura kuvunika kwa intertrochanteric ya femur byahindutse cyane uko imyaka yagiye ihita, hamwe niterambere ryubuhanga bwo kubaga hamwe n’ibishushanyo mbonera biganisha ku musaruro ushimishije.Uburyo bwa nyuma bwo kuvura, nko gutera imisumari, butanga uburyo bworoshye bwo gutera hamwe nibiciro bitoroshye.Guhitamo uburyo bwo kuvura bigomba gutandukanywa ukurikije imyaka umurwayi afite, ibibi, hamwe nibiranga kuvunika.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-13-2023